GI Woodholme GastroenterologyPatient Resources

Guides and instructions for your digestive health

Clear, step-by-step resources to help you prepare for procedures and follow the diet plan your care team has recommended.

โ“˜ These are general guides. Always follow the specific instructions given to you by your doctor. When they differ from this page, use your doctor's instructions.

Procedure & recovery

Digestive condition diets

Liver & pancreas

Eating patterns

Diet guide

Low FODMAP Diet

FODMAPs are certain carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed and can cause gas, bloating, cramping, and changes in bowel habits. This diet helps identify which foods trigger your symptoms. It works best with the guidance of a registered dietitian.

How it works โ€” three phases

1. Elimination โ€” about 2 to 6 weeks

Remove high-FODMAP foods to calm symptoms. This is not meant to be permanent.

2. Reintroduction โ€” 6 to 8 weeks

Add foods back one group at a time to find your personal triggers and tolerance levels.

3. Personalization โ€” long term

Build a varied, sustainable diet that avoids only the foods that bother you.

Tip: The Monash University FODMAP Diet app is the most reliable reference for portion sizes, since even low-FODMAP foods can become high-FODMAP in large amounts.

During elimination

Foods to enjoy

  • Vegetables: carrot, cucumber, zucchini, bell pepper, spinach, tomato, potato, green beans
  • Fruit: banana (firm), blueberries, strawberries, grapes, orange, kiwi, cantaloupe
  • Protein: eggs, plain chicken, beef, pork, fish, firm tofu
  • Grains: oats, rice, quinoa, corn, gluten-free bread/pasta
  • Dairy alt: lactose-free milk, hard cheeses, almond milk
  • Other: olive oil, most herbs, maple syrup, garlic-infused oil

Foods to limit

  • Vegetables: onion, garlic, cauliflower, mushroom, asparagus, snow peas
  • Fruit: apple, pear, mango, watermelon, cherries, dried fruit
  • Legumes: beans, lentils, chickpeas
  • Grains: wheat and rye in large amounts (bread, pasta)
  • Dairy: regular milk, soft cheese, yogurt, ice cream
  • Sweeteners: honey, high-fructose corn syrup, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol

Getting the most from it

  • Read labels for hidden FODMAPs โ€” onion and garlic powder are very common.
  • Keep a simple food and symptom diary during all three phases.
  • Don't stay in the elimination phase long-term; the goal is a wider diet, not a permanently restricted one.
  • Ask us for a referral to a registered dietitian who works with FODMAPs.
Procedure preparation

Colonoscopy Preparation

A clean colon is essential for an accurate exam. Find the prep you were prescribed below for step-by-step instructions. If you're not sure which prep you were given, call our office.

Your prescribed prep and procedure time

Choose your prep

Applies to every prep

The days before

  • 3 days before: stop nuts, seeds, popcorn, and high-fiber foods. Stop iron pills if we've asked you to.
  • The day before: after a light, low-fiber breakfast, switch to a clear-liquid-only diet โ€” no solid food. Then follow your prep's schedule below.
  • No red, purple, or blue liquids, gelatin, or ice pops at any point.
  • Keep drinking clear fluids โ€” the prep works better and you'll feel better.

Day of your procedure

  • Arrange a ride. You cannot drive or leave alone after sedation. A responsible adult must take you home.
  • Stop all liquids 2 hours before your arrival time, unless we tell you to take a specific pill with a small sip of water.
Medications โ€” call before you stop anything: Tell us in advance if you take blood thinners (e.g., warfarin, apixaban, clopidogrel), diabetes medications or insulin, or iron supplements. We'll give you personal instructions on what to hold and when. Do not stop prescription medications on your own.
You're ready when what you pass is a clear or pale-yellow liquid with no solid pieces.
Colonoscopy prep

MiraLAX + Gatorade

A 238 g bottle of MiraLAX (PEG-3350) dissolved in 64 oz of Gatorade or a similar clear sports drink. We may prescribe it as a split-dose, one-day evening, or two-day prep โ€” use the version we chose for you.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page. This schedule is the standard template โ€” follow any changes we gave you.

Mixing

  • Empty one 238 g bottle of MiraLAX into 64 oz of Gatorade (any flavor except red, purple, or blue). Shake until dissolved and chill.
  • If we prescribed Dulcolax (bisacodyl) tablets, take them as directed before you start drinking.

Split-dose (standard)

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Drink half (32 oz) โ€” about 8 oz every 15 minutes.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Drink the other half (32 oz) the same way. Finish at least 2 hours before arrival.

One-day (evening before only)

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Take Dulcolax tablets first if prescribed, then drink the full 64 oz โ€” 8 oz every 15 minutes over about 2 hours.

Two-day (for a tougher clean-out)

Two days before โ€” evening

Begin a low-fiber diet during the day. In the evening, drink the first half (32 oz).

Day before โ€” all day

Clear liquids only. In the evening, drink the second half (32 oz), or as we directed.

Colonoscopy prep

PLENVU

A low-volume prep made from three pouches, taken as two doses. This schedule is the standard template โ€” follow any changes we gave you.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Dose 1: empty the first pouch into 16 oz of water, stir until dissolved, and drink over 30 minutes. Then drink at least 16 oz more clear liquid.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Dose 2: empty the two remaining pouches together into 16 oz of water, drink over 30 minutes, then at least 16 oz more clear liquid. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

SUTAB

A tablet prep โ€” 24 tablets total, split into two doses of 12. Nothing to mix, but drink all the water as directed. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

How to take each dose

Fill the provided bottle to the line (16 oz) with water. Swallow the 12 tablets one or two at a time, finishing all 16 oz over 15โ€“20 minutes. Over the next hour, refill and drink two more 16-oz bottles of water.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

First 12 tablets + the three 16-oz waters as above.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Second 12 tablets + the three 16-oz waters. Finish all water 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

SUPREP

Two 6-oz bottles, each diluted with water and followed by more water. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

How to take each dose

Pour one 6-oz bottle into the mixing container and add cool water to the 16-oz line. Drink all of it. Over the next hour, fill the container to the 16-oz line with water and drink it โ€” twice.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

First bottle + the two 16-oz waters.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Second bottle + the two 16-oz waters. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

SUFLAVE

A low-volume, mild lemon-lime PEG prep โ€” two bottles with flavor packets. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

How to take each dose

Empty one flavor packet and the contents of one bottle into the mixing container, then add cool water to the fill line (16 oz) and stir. Drink all of it over 15โ€“20 minutes. Over the next hour, refill with water to the line and drink two more 16-oz containers.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

First bottle + flavor packet + the two 16-oz waters.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Second bottle + flavor packet + the two 16-oz waters. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

MoviPrep

A two-liter split-dose solution, plus extra clear liquid. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

Mixing

For each liter, empty one Pouch A and one Pouch B into the container and add water to the 1-liter line. Stir until dissolved and chill. You'll make two liters total.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Drink the first liter โ€” 8 oz every 15 minutes โ€” then at least 16 oz of additional clear liquid.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Drink the second liter the same way, plus 16 oz clear liquid. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

CLENPIQ

The smallest-volume option โ€” two 5.4-oz bottles that are ready to drink, each followed by clear liquids. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Drink the entire first bottle. Over the next 5 hours, drink at least five 8-oz cups of clear liquid.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Drink the entire second bottle, then at least three 8-oz cups of clear liquid. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Colonoscopy prep

GoLYTELY / GaviLyte / NuLYTELY

A gallon (4-liter) PEG-electrolyte solution. These products are used the same way. Standard template below.

Reminder: follow the low-fiber, then clear-liquid diet on the main prep page first.

Mixing

Add water to the fill line of the container (about 1 gallon / 4 liters), cap, and shake until dissolved. Refrigerate โ€” it's easier to drink cold. A flavor packet may be added if provided.

Split-dose schedule

Evening before โ€” around 5:00 PM

Drink about half (2 liters) โ€” 8 oz every 10โ€“15 minutes.

Day of โ€” 5 to 6 hours before

Drink the remaining half (2 liters) the same way. Finish 2 hours before arrival.

Diet therapy

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Diets

EoE is an allergic condition where certain foods inflame the esophagus, causing trouble swallowing, food sticking, and chest discomfort. Removing trigger foods can control it without medication. Which foods come out โ€” and in what order โ€” is decided with your doctor, and progress is checked with follow-up endoscopy. The plans below run from the simplest (one food) to the most complete (elemental).

Important: Foods are reintroduced one at a time with an endoscopy after each step to find your specific trigger. Work closely with your GI doctor, and ideally a dietitian, so the diet stays nutritionally complete.
EoE diet

Two-Food Elimination

A "step-up" approach that removes only the two most common triggers to start. If symptoms and inflammation improve, you may not need further restriction.

Remove these two

  • Dairy / milk โ€” the single most common EoE trigger
  • Wheat / gluten

Still allowed

  • Eggs, soy, nuts, fish and shellfish
  • All fruits, vegetables, rice, corn, meats and poultry
  • Dairy-free and wheat-free substitutes
Watch labels for: whey, casein, milk solids (dairy); and wheat, semolina, malt, most soy sauce (wheat).
EoE diet

Six-Food Elimination

Removes the six food groups responsible for most EoE. Highly effective, and each group is reintroduced one at a time to pinpoint your triggers.

Remove all six

  • Milk / dairy
  • Wheat / gluten
  • Eggs
  • Soy (and often legumes)
  • Nuts โ€” peanuts and tree nuts
  • Fish and shellfish

Freely allowed

  • All meats and poultry
  • All fruits and vegetables
  • Rice, corn, oats, quinoa, potato
  • Olive and other non-soy oils
Nutrition matters: Because this removes several staples, a dietitian's help keeps your diet balanced and makes label-reading manageable.
EoE diet

Elemental Diet

All nutrition comes from a special amino-acid-based formula, with no regular food. Because it removes every possible food protein, it's the most effective diet for EoE โ€” but also the most demanding, so it's usually used for severe cases or for a defined period.

What it involves

  • Drink a prescribed amino-acid (elemental) formula for all calories and nutrition.
  • No table food during the strict phase, unless your doctor specifies allowed items.
  • Some people need the formula through a feeding tube if the taste is hard to tolerate.
  • After healing is confirmed by endoscopy, foods are added back one at a time, each followed by a scope, to map your triggers.
Always supervised: This diet is managed together with your GI doctor and a dietitian, often with an allergist. Do not attempt it on your own.
Diet guide

Mediterranean Diet

Not a restrictive diet but a way of eating built around whole, plant-forward foods and healthy fats. It supports gut health, reduces inflammation, and benefits the heart, liver, and metabolism.

The basics

Build meals around

  • Vegetables and fruit at most meals
  • Whole grains โ€” oats, brown rice, whole-grain bread
  • Beans, lentils, and chickpeas
  • Olive oil as your main fat
  • Nuts and seeds
  • Fish and seafood, 2+ times a week

Keep occasional

  • Red meat โ€” a few times a month
  • Processed and cured meats
  • Sweets, pastries, sugary drinks
  • Refined white bread and snacks
  • Butter and heavily processed foods

Poultry, eggs, and dairy (especially yogurt and cheese) fit in moderate amounts. Water is the main drink.

Why it helps your gut

  • Fiber from plants feeds healthy gut bacteria and supports regular bowel habits.
  • Olive oil and fish provide anti-inflammatory fats.
  • It's a leading dietary approach for fatty liver disease and long-term digestive health.
Procedure & recovery

Clear Liquid Diet

Only liquids you can see through. Used before some procedures, during a flare, or when easing back into eating. It isn't complete nutrition, so it's meant for a short time only.

Allowed

  • Water, clear broth (chicken, beef, vegetable)
  • Apple or white grape juice (no pulp)
  • Clear sports drinks, clear soda
  • Plain gelatin and ice pops (no fruit or cream)
  • Black coffee or tea (no milk or cream)
  • Honey, hard candy

Not allowed

  • Anything you can't see through
  • Milk, cream, and dairy
  • Juice with pulp, smoothies
  • Soup with noodles or pieces
  • Alcohol
Before a colonoscopy: avoid anything colored red, purple, or blue.
Procedure & recovery

Low-Fiber / Low-Residue Diet

Limits fiber so there's less material moving through the bowel. Used to rest the gut during a flare, with a narrowing (stricture), or around certain procedures.

Easier to tolerate

  • White bread, white rice, refined pasta
  • Low-fiber cereals (not whole grain)
  • Well-cooked vegetables without skins
  • Canned or soft fruit without skin; ripe banana
  • Tender meat, poultry, fish, eggs
  • Dairy in moderation, if tolerated

Limit

  • Whole grains and bran
  • Nuts, seeds, popcorn
  • Raw vegetables and fruit skins
  • Beans, lentils, and other legumes
  • Dried fruit
Tip: peeling, cooking soft, and avoiding seeds are the easiest ways to bring fiber down.
Procedure & recovery

After Your Procedure

General guidance for the hours and day after an endoscopy or colonoscopy with sedation. Always follow the specific discharge instructions we gave you.

Right after

Start with clear liquids and small sips. Your throat or belly may feel mildly off for a short while.

Rest of the day

Eat light, low-fiber foods. Avoid alcohol, and heavy, greasy, or spicy meals. Do not drive or make important decisions โ€” the sedation is still wearing off.

If a polyp was removed or a biopsy taken

You may be asked to stay on low-fiber foods and to hold blood thinners or NSAIDs for a few days. Follow the specific instructions we gave you.

The next day

Most people return to their normal diet unless we told you otherwise.

Call us right away for: heavy or ongoing rectal bleeding, severe or worsening belly pain, a firm swollen abdomen, fever, or trouble breathing.
Condition diet

Acid Reflux (GERD) Diet

Food choices and habits that reduce heartburn and reflux. Triggers vary from person to person, so use this as a starting point and adjust to what affects you.

Usually helpful

  • Vegetables and non-citrus fruit
  • Whole grains, oatmeal
  • Lean proteins โ€” chicken, fish, tofu
  • Low-fat dairy
  • Ginger

Common triggers

  • Fried and fatty foods
  • Chocolate, peppermint
  • Coffee, caffeine, alcohol
  • Carbonated drinks
  • Citrus, tomato, spicy foods
  • Large or late-night meals
Habits matter as much as food: eat smaller meals, stay upright for about 3 hours after eating, raise the head of your bed, and lose weight if it's a factor.
Condition diet

Gastroparesis Diet

When the stomach empties slowly, smaller, lower-fat, lower-fiber meals are easier to handle. Liquids often go down better than solids.

Easier to digest

  • Small, frequent meals
  • Well-cooked vegetables (no skins)
  • Refined grains โ€” white bread, rice, pasta
  • Tender lean protein, eggs
  • Soups, smoothies, nutrition drinks

Harder to digest

  • High-fat and fried foods
  • Raw vegetables, skins, whole grains
  • Nuts, seeds, legumes
  • Carbonated drinks
  • Large meals
Tip: chew thoroughly, sit upright for a while after eating, and lean on liquid meals on tougher days.
Condition diet

Diverticulitis Diet

During a flare the bowel needs rest, then fiber is added back gradually. Follow our guidance on when to move between stages.

During a flare

Clear liquids only for a few days while symptoms settle.

As you improve

Advance to low-fiber foods โ€” white bread, rice, well-cooked vegetables without skins.

Once fully recovered

Gradually return to a high-fiber diet โ€” vegetables, fruit, whole grains, legumes โ€” and drink plenty of water to help prevent future attacks.

Good news: the old advice to permanently avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn is no longer recommended โ€” they don't trigger attacks.
Condition diet

Celiac / Gluten-Free Diet

In celiac disease, gluten damages the small intestine โ€” so it must be avoided completely and for life, even in small amounts.

Naturally gluten-free

  • Rice, corn, potato, quinoa
  • Meat, fish, eggs, dairy
  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Beans, nuts
  • Certified gluten-free oats and products

Contains gluten

  • Wheat, barley, rye
  • Most bread, pasta, cereal, baked goods
  • Beer and many sauces
  • Hidden sources โ€” malt, some soy sauce
Watch cross-contamination: shared toasters, fryers, and utensils can add gluten. Read labels, look for certified gluten-free, and a dietitian can make this much easier.
Condition diet

Lactose Intolerance Diet

Trouble digesting lactose (the sugar in dairy) can cause gas, bloating, and diarrhea. Tolerance varies โ€” many people handle small amounts.

Usually fine

  • Lactose-free milk
  • Hard, aged cheeses (cheddar, parmesan)
  • Yogurt with live cultures
  • Plant milks โ€” almond, soy, oat
  • Lactase enzyme supplements with dairy

More likely to bother you

  • Milk and cream
  • Ice cream
  • Soft cheeses
  • Hidden lactose in some baked and processed foods
Tip: small amounts taken with a meal are usually better tolerated than a large serving on an empty stomach.
Condition diet

IBD Nutrition โ€” Crohn's & Colitis

There's no single IBD diet. What works changes between a flare and remission. The goals are steady nutrition and avoiding your own personal triggers.

During a flare

Easier

  • Low-fiber, well-cooked foods
  • Refined grains
  • Smaller, more frequent meals
  • Plenty of fluids

Often worsen symptoms

  • High-fiber and raw vegetables
  • Nuts and seeds
  • Greasy or spicy foods
  • High-lactose foods if sensitive
  • Caffeine and alcohol

In remission

Broaden your diet and aim for variety. A Mediterranean-style pattern is a good target for most people when symptoms are quiet.

Ask us about: formula-based (enteral) nutrition and specific exclusion diets, which help some patients. A dietitian who works with IBD is a big advantage.
Liver & pancreas

Chronic Pancreatitis / Low-Fat Diet

A lower-fat diet eases the workload on the pancreas. Small, frequent meals and avoiding alcohol are key.

Focus on

  • Lean proteins โ€” chicken, fish, egg whites
  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Whole and refined grains
  • Low-fat dairy
  • Small, frequent meals

Limit or avoid

  • Fried and fatty foods
  • Full-fat dairy, fatty meats
  • Butter and heavy oils
  • Alcohol โ€” avoid entirely
If you were prescribed pancreatic enzymes, take them with meals and snacks as directed. Ask us about fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K).
Liver & pancreas

Fatty Liver (MASLD) Diet

The most effective treatment for fatty liver is gradual weight loss and a Mediterranean-style way of eating, with less sugar and refined carbohydrate.

Build meals around

  • Vegetables, fruit, whole grains
  • Legumes, nuts, seeds
  • Fish and olive oil
  • Unsweetened coffee (may help the liver)

Cut back on

  • Sugary drinks and sweets
  • Refined carbs and white bread
  • Fried foods
  • Red and processed meat
  • Alcohol
The main goal: steady weight loss of about 7โ€“10% of body weight, with regular activity. Avoid crash diets โ€” slow and steady protects the liver.
Liver & pancreas

Cirrhosis Nutrition

Good nutrition helps protect muscle and energy when the liver is scarred. Most people need more frequent meals and enough protein โ€” not less.

Key points

  • Don't restrict protein unless we specifically tell you to โ€” it helps prevent muscle loss.
  • Eat 4 to 6 small meals across the day rather than a few large ones.
  • Have a bedtime snack with carbohydrate and protein to get through the overnight fast.
  • Make sure you're getting enough total calories.
Important: if you have fluid buildup or swelling (ascites), follow the low-sodium guide. Avoid alcohol completely, and ask us about vitamins.
Liver & pancreas

Low-Sodium Diet

Lowering sodium (often under about 2,000 mg a day) helps control fluid buildup and blood pressure. Most sodium comes from packaged and restaurant food, not the salt shaker.

Naturally low

  • Fresh and home-cooked foods
  • Fresh meat, poultry, fish
  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Herbs, spices, citrus, garlic for flavor

High in sodium

  • Table salt and salty snacks
  • Canned, cured, and processed foods
  • Deli meats and bacon
  • Most restaurant and fast food
  • Many soups, sauces, and seasonings
Tips: check labels for sodium per serving, rinse canned foods, cook without added salt, and remember "sea salt" counts the same.
EoE diet

One-Food Elimination

The simplest starting point โ€” remove only dairy, the single most common EoE trigger. If it settles the inflammation, you may not need to remove anything else.

Remove

  • Milk / dairy โ€” including whey, casein, and milk solids

Still allowed

  • Wheat, egg, soy, nuts, fish, and shellfish
  • All other foods
Watch labels for: whey, casein, and milk solids, which appear in many packaged foods.
EoE diet

Four-Food Elimination

A middle step between two-food and six-food โ€” remove the four most common triggers, then reintroduce them one at a time with follow-up endoscopy.

Remove these four

  • Milk / dairy
  • Wheat / gluten
  • Egg
  • Soy

Still allowed

  • Nuts, fish, and shellfish
  • All meats, fruits, and vegetables
  • Rice, corn, and other non-wheat grains